Psychologists connect traumatic brain injury to mental health problems

Dr. Shaun Whittaker

Psychologists have cautioned that traumatic brain injury can lead to different mental health challenges, including personality shifts, depression, and anxiety. These issues may result from brain damage, psychological trauma, or a combination of both, according to Windhoek-based psychologist Dr. Shaun Whittaker.

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Research by Howlett JR, Nelson LD, and Stein MB in Biological Psychiatry further supports this, explaining that TBI can cause a variety of psychiatric and neurobehavioral issues. While the mortality rate for severe TBI has decreased, attention has shifted to the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral consequences, which can be more disabling than physical effects.

Moderate to severe TBIs are known to cause personality shifts, including impulsivity, severe irritability, affective instability, and apathy. Even mild TBI, once thought to be benign, has now been linked to affective symptoms, suicidality, and a heightened risk of psychiatric disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder.

Image contributed: Scans of TBI impact

Repetitive head injuries, particularly in athletic settings, have also been found to contribute to emotional and behavioral issues. The complex relationship between cognitive, emotional, and physical symptoms has been the focus of several studies in both civilian and military contexts.

Experts urge the need for early intervention and comprehensive care to address both the physical and psychological impacts of TBI.